Showing posts with label Hindu Puranas. Show all posts
Showing posts with label Hindu Puranas. Show all posts

Sunday, April 19, 2026

With Affection and Respect (To Mother)

With Affection and Respect (To Mother)

मात्रु देवो भव (तैत्तरीय उपनिषद) How do we remember the bygones? With time we lose precious siblings, relatives,  and close companions; thus we are deprived of a veritable source of fact checking. Whatever we remember is at the mercy of time and the fallible human brain cells (see Daniel L Schacter); the lucky few with extraordinary memory traits can still weave a reliable painted cloth of the yesteryears. Still we must feel privileged and fortunate to hold a bouquet of colorful blooms - of pleasant memories associated with our parents. Adi Sankara had extraordinary memory according to his disciples’ notes; in college we came to know about Lord Macaulay’s photographic memory feats of recalling long passages. 

In the village we needed to buy only a few items for the daily meals. Our kitchen garden was a rich provider of many vegetables: snake gourd, coconut, amaranthus, gongura, banana, white pumpkin, beans, bitter gourd, and others. In the cold winter months (November through January) we used to get bumper crops of beans on the vine. Mother had a miraculous green thumb. Whatever she touched it would flower profusely and yield basketfuls of vegetables or fruits. Sometimes we would experience heavy infestation with pests on the beans (Lablab, Val papdi, చిక్కుడు). Mother did not want any pesticide spray on the vegetable crops; often she would ask me just to write our gotra(m) (గోత్రము) name and hang it on the creeper to ward off the bugs. Come to think of it, I could’ve sprayed forceful water and washed off the pests at the earliest appearance – but there was no running (piped) water or spray bottle in the village then!

With severe budget constraints mother would prepare a variety of dishes (curries) with the homegrown beans. In one sense she was absolutely an expert in providing a nourishing protein rich food for her growing children. But I was barely in the teens and had the usual moodiness of a naughty child. Often I would come home for lunch with voracious appetite after brain straining morning classes (Telugu, English, Math, Sciences). Inevitably I used to fight with mom for a different course of lunch – may be brinjal, potato, or some other vegetable anything other than the ubiquitous organic homegrown “bean”. Her cooking was superb; she tried several variations with the beans with spices, tamarind, or jaggery. Then in the middle school I could not fathom the depth of our financial troubles. Somehow father was able to arrange for rice and those were the pre-ration card days in the village. Luckily our parents never had to seek ration from the state despite enormous insurmountable difficulties. In such difficult afternoons mother would cuddle me in her lap and gently caress my face with her rough hands while adjusting my curly hair. That sweet gesture would communicate her profound affection; soon I would forget about the whole issue, quickly gobble a few bytes, and get ready for the afternoon classes in a jiffy.

Mother often had to bear the brunt of her children’s sicknesses. She nursed our dear sister through a double dose of typhoid infection. Those were the days of severe antibiotics shortages and exorbitant drug prices in India; it was the pre-liberation time and the (modern) pharmaceutical industry was still nascent. Now the country can produce large doses of antibiotics, cardiac drugs, and a host of vaccines including Covid.

Some of my best and pleasant times with mother: The weekly oil massages and shampoo baths with ritha (soapnut seed, కుంకుడు కాయలు). During those precious moments she would tell the stories of Harischandra, Savitri, Dhruva, and others. Without explicitly telling me about ethics she transferred the essentials of a “dharmic living” in this complex mundane world. That teaching was enough for me for a whole lifetime; I rarely needed the self-study of Hindu scriptures, as they were part of our Telugu curriculum in high school and college. 

Adi Sankara summed up aptly the essence of motherhood, be it the divine or the earthly manifestation thus: There is only an occasional bad son but no bad mother in the entire universe. I feel the same when dwelling upon our mother’s qualities. Never did she ever reproach me even when I accidentally spilled cooking oil or broke the glass thermometer. I do not know whether I accomplished all of her aspirations; that is between her insight and my own conscience. But she would have been in the seventh heaven upon knowing about my advanced studies, international travels, and other modest achievements. She was so joyful when I got a modest torchlight as a present for excelling in eighth grade exams. I certainly missed her when I received a silver cup in high school or when I aced in College with first rank. 

As I wistfully reminisce now I realize - I’ve been careless in not preserving her music books and rare silken clothes (Benarasi sari, woolen blouse, etc.). But, being a loyal son I did learn Carnatic music assiduously and practice some of her favorite songs and kirtanas. We daily use and preserve her cooking utensils with love – often they remind us about her extraordinary culinary skills. Her ingenuity in creating delicious tasty dishes (tamarind rice, coconut-dal, gongura chutney) from scratch still makes me salivate. 

To me our mother is like a gandharva maiden who came down to the earth to teach us what is real music, tasty cooking, gardening, and other fine arts. She achieved all she had aspired despite challenging circumstances. In the most elemental sense what can a son or daughter really pay a mother? Except heartfelt gratitude and simple honest living according to her noble ideals. A mother simply gives abundantly to her children without asking – that she always did, readily with a sweet smile. I conclude with these simple incidents: often we would spontaneously cry in the movie theater watching emotional scenes in Satya Harischandra. Such tender moments taught me about art; much more than a whole year of Shakespeare plays in College. Often she used to see me off on the roadside for success in exams; that was a gesture of good omen, it always filled me with confidence before the annual exams (board). We never lose loving parents; they always reside in the deep recesses of our tender hearts. I feel privileged to be her son and I try to endeavor to earn her blessings every day and receive her “biksha”. Here in US Mother's Day falls on May 10th. Copyright 2026 by the author


Thursday, September 26, 2024

The Final Resolution of "nagu momu" Song

The Final Resolution of “Nagu Momu” Song

Carnatic singers, music critics, and Carnatic enthusiasts (including this author) have long been puzzled by this unique Tyagaraja composition. Its true meaning and import remained hidden till date. The song was composed more than two centuries back; sadly we do not have among our midst people who are experts in multiple fields (polymath) of music, Hindu scriptures, the Puranas, and Vedas. At best today we have intellectuals with a smattering of Sanskrit, Telugu, but they lack the erudition and impartiality of a great seer like Adi Sankara, or the catholicity of thought - to borrow a word from the Anglicized vocabulary. Certainly the revered Paramacharya could get to the root of issue in such puzzling matters; he always had an uncanny insight, perhaps a blessing of Devi Kamakshi. Actually the saint was an embodiment of Kamakshi.

Before proceeding any further, I must pay my dues (debt) to a number of people and books: Foremost, to my parents and in-laws for instructing and transferring faithfully the centuries (rather millennia) old Hindu traditions and scriptural knowledge. I owe a large debt to all my teachers and college lecturers. Some names I can recall readily like N. G. Sastri, Sanskrit Sastri, Bulusu Venkateswarlu, Rama Raju, but there are many more in the list. They taught me language skills in Telugu, Sanskrit, and English; taught me for a pittance pay yet with full vigor and devotion. Most importantly they trained me to think fearlessly, freely, and explore imagination to the fullest, rather the farthest. I got trained to question everything (all biases, even the most subtle hidden). Yet my teachers and elders helped me retain the sensitivity to appreciate the delicate petals of lotus, the celestial aroma of parijata, and the fine arts – all at the same time. 

Now let us dive into this moving devotional song. In my previous articles (blogs here and elsewhere) I gave word-to-word meaning in detail. But paraphrasing will not suffice for such a glorious kirtana. We have to enquire about its heart, the gist, and its essence. Here, we will confine to the explanation of the second stanza. Briefly it states thus: “It seems Garuda (khaga-raju = king of sky movers) followed You, as per your instruction (dictum, suggestion). Then he (the celestial bird) did not get deterred, he did not mind the enormous (light-years) distance between the Earth and the vast Cosmos. Or, perhaps he did get deterred or discouraged momentarily. O Lord, You being the ruler of the entire Universe, to whom shall I complain? Tell me. Please do not be angry with me. Do not ignore me and my pleadings. I cannot bear it any more. Please help me and guide me.”

For many years, the second stanza did not make sense to me. Then I was ignorant of the Puranas and other Hindu scriptures. Though we read some excerpts of Mahabharatam (Telugu), Ramayana (Molla), and Srimad Bhagavatam (Potana) we (I mean our generation, our classmates) are still not fully conversant with all the numerous intricate details. But due to sheer luck I got a copy of Andhra Maha-bharatamu, the Telugu translation by Tikkana (courtesy I L N). Here in this book we find an interesting dialogue between Garuda (son of Vinati) and a group of rishis assembled on the Himalayan hills. The fearless celestial bird narrated when asked to explain about Lord Narayana and His “essential concept” (tatva).

[Once during the production of ‘Amrita’ a fight erupted between Devas and Asuras. In the fight Devas got extremely tired and exhausted. They sought Brahma’s help. The lotus-born Deva (Brahma, the Creator) immediately went into deep meditation and prayed to Lord Vishnu using all His epithets (qualities). Then momentarily Vishnu came flying on Garuda’s wings and vanquished all the Asuras and vanished from the scene right away. It is impossible even for Brahma to know the essential quality of Lord Vishnu. In that context Brahma elaborated an incident that involves Garuda’s first encounter with Lord Vishnu. (This story is retold by Bhishma to Yudhistara in Mahabharata, Anusasanika Chapter, pp. 32 - 36)].

Garuda Tells About the Grandeur of Narayana

Once on the snow covered mountains (Himalayas) there was a meeting of rishis and Siddhas. Garuda came and paid respects to the assembled munis. During the ensued conversation rishis requested Garuda to enlighten them about Vishnu. “Garuda, you are dear to Lord Vishnu and being his vehicle you are close to Lord Narayana.  Also you are a great devotee of the Lord. Could you tell us about the great Lord and His methods?” 

Garuda continued saying, “It is difficult to understand Vishnu. Even many sages, Devas, and Gandharvas do not comprehend Him. Once I vanquished Lord Indra and secured ‘amrita’ for helping my mother. My mother was a slave then and I got her released from slavery with the ‘amrita’ from heaven. When I was bringing ‘amrita’ to the earth I heard a voice in the sky with these words: “Well done! I admire you. Will give you a boon. Soon you will be my vehicle.” Innocently I (i.e., Garuda) replied back thus: “First reveal yourself to me. Tell me who you are and then give me boons.” Lord Vishnu answered, “You’ll know when the time comes.” And that was the end of it.

Then I went back to my father (Kasyapa) and told him about what has happened. My father instructed me to seek Lord Narayana in the northern mountains near Badarika forest and serve Narayana with devotion. How lucky I am to be His devotee. Later I flew to the Himalayas in search of Vishnu. There I found draped in golden-hued dress adorned with His weapons (conch shell, Sudarsana chakra, Mace, and Lotus). The Lord asked me to follow Him through the vast space of limitless sky. I flew through tens of thousands of miles, passing through intense hot interiors of stars, and alternating between brilliant light and utter total darkness. Soon I got tired. Suddenly I felt lost in the vast limitless space devoid of light. I lost sight of Lord Narayana. I cried for help in utter distress. But how could I be helpless? When the whole vast universe is enveloped with Lord Narayana, how can I be far from Him? Soon I heard soothing words telling me thus: “Do not worry. I am in front of you. You will soon be free of hunger and thirst. You’ll regain strength.” Suddenly my weariness vanished and soon I was flying smoothly. And then after all the wanderings and endless flight suddenly I found myself back in Badarika, exactly where I had started. Lord Vishnu made sure I returned safely to the same mountain range. 

Garuda concluded with these words. “We will find Narayana in our own hearts when we approach Him with a pure sattvik state of mind. No amount of penance, fasting helps except a strong desire to reach Him – the quest with utter humility.” All the assembled rishis were very happy to learn about Narayana, that too directly from His own carrier, Garuda. (Garuda is the name of a modern airline!) So, the aforesaid narration gives context and explains the great composition. I bow in reverence to the great composer, Tyagaraju expressing umpteen thanks. Copyright 2024 by the author



Tuesday, October 12, 2021

The Eighteen Puranas

The Eighteen Puranas

Sri Paramacharya camped in Chennai for several months. From there the Swami shifted to a tile kiln (Brick Factory) premises in Mambalam area on the Poonamalle Road. One evening I went to see the Swami with a Seth from Kolkata. The Seth was a very rich individual and a generous one too. As usual I prostrated at Paramacharya. The Seth too did the same and offered his salutations. We stood there for a while with folded (clasped) hands (as a gesture of respect).

The Swamiji lifted his head and enquired: “Once you’ve mentioned about someone. Is this the person?” Swami’s memory skills and his penetrating talents of insight are extraordinary. I nodded in agreement saying, “I had to bring him here due to lot of pressure.”

Now, I must recount certain facts about the Seth. He was a sincere religious (dharmic) person. He used to attend my daily discourses on Ramayana and Mahabharata. I used to speak and intersperse with Hindi during my commentaries and that attracted a good following. After the initial invocation (sloka reciting), I would tell the audience about (Kanchi) Paramacharya, his tapas-sakti (devotional energy), and his boundless intellect. Tell I used to with specific examples. Only then I would begin my discourse. I’ve been following this activity for many years. 

God blessed the Seth with all types of riches and luxuries. But with such opulence he also suffered from a major ailment. Not able to take food through mouth was the Seth’s terrible misfortune. His esophagus (the tube that connects mouth and stomach) did not work. They had to make a perforation into the stomach and send food through it. What a hell it was? He was patiently eking (dragging) out days like that.   

The Seth tried everything to find a cure. He met all the world famous doctors. Visited many temples and paid penances. Prayers, pujas, yantras, chanting – you name it he did everything. But there was no improvement in his condition. Once he heard me mention Kanchi Swami in one of the discourses. Since then he started pinning hopes on Paramacharya. Perhaps the Swami might provide a relief from the terrible painful condition.

One day the Seth was very insistent to accompany me to Chennai. But how could I take him to Paramacharya without the Swami’s (explicit) approval? Once I mentioned that I would go to Chennai and seek the Swamiji’s approval. Immediately he gave me a plane ticket to Chennai. Upon reaching Chennai I approached Paramacharya and sought permission for bringing the Seth with me. The Swami enquired about my discourses but he did not say anything about my request. When I reminded the Swami, he simply deferred the matter saying “not now.” Not to offend the Seth I simply said I would take him to Paramacharya once my discourses come to an end – thus dodged the issue temporarily.

So, now without Swamiji’s permission I brought the Seth here to Chennai. No doubt it was an infraction on my part but I did it purely out of altruistic motive. Whatever good or bad befalls on us it is all due to the past (previous births’) karma. Every man (person) must experience the fruits (of past karma). Only by experiencing the effects of karma, can we diminish (whittle away) the accumulated (bad) karma. Therefore, if we experience serially painful difficulties that means all our sins are getting eroded slowly. If we simply bear such difficulties with full trust in Eswara then their effect will get moderated. In such matters about good and bad, often Swami’s elucidations are very clear and revealing.

People often ask for the elimination of difficulties in life without realizing their root cause, without true heart felt repentance. Perhaps that was the reason for Paramacharya’s reluctance to meet such aggrieved persons. I stood farther from the Swamiji and tried to remind about (the Seth’s) the matter. Still Paramacharya did not respond. As the night was approaching I wanted to seek Swamiji’s permission for leaving. I planned to return early the next day. Of course Paramacharya understood my thoughts (predicament) and commented thus: “We cannot do anything in his situation. Take him with you. Tell him to abide his full trust in Eswara and continue doing good things (acts). Eventually only God can come to his rescue.”

I ventured and said, “For many years he has been doing lots of good deeds (charitable acts). Is there no solution for his problem? For every thing (sin) there is recompense, a suitable punishment. Don’t our sastras and canonical texts specify punishment for sinners and hapless cursed individuals? In God’s creation there must be a way for rectifying (remedying) erroneous behavior. Please you must kindly show a way for the Seth.” Thus I tried my best to argue on behalf of the ailing Seth. 

After listening to everything Paramacharya observed silence for a while; the Swami beckoned me close and asked, “Will he obey and do whatever I say?”

“Definitely he’ll obey your instructions. I’ll ask him to comply.”

“If he doesn’t implement..”

“If the Seth obeys things will turn for better. Otherwise he must bear the aching burden.”

“It will cost lot of money to implement what I suggest. Can he spend that much?”

“He is a multi-millionaire. Will spend his entire wealth for health.”

“Ok. If that’s the case, let him print all the eighteen Puranas on good stock of paper, in attractive legible print in Sanskrit, and distribute all the books (volumes) to qualified Vedic Pundits freely. Will he do it? Can he do it?”

“He’ll. I will urge him to do it as per your words.” I said.

“Do you know the names of the eighteen Puranas? Tell me”

I narrated all the names. I was happy somehow my arguments worked.

I called the Seth and explained all the details. He got excited and gave his commitment. With tears rolling down he prostrated to Paramacharya. The Swami blessed him and instructed his disciples to distribute prasad to the Seth. 

As soon as he reached his place he started to get the books printed. He set up the operation (office) in one of the floors of his palace. He summoned Vedic Pundits and scholars from many states for advice. After consulting numerous scholars and experts he got the books printed with large font on high quality paper. The books were distributed to eligible pundits. All the books carried the insignia “with love” in lieu of “cost”.     

Would his disease status improve? Would it really retrograde, lessen or not? He did not entertain any doubt and he got fully immersed in the project without the slightest disbelief. As per Swamiji’s instruction the seventeen Puranas came out in print. But his ailment did not see any change, of course. Even in the midst of such a humongous work he continued taking food as before (via stomach hole).

Finally, at last as soon as he started work on ‘Skanda Purana’, suddenly he began eating from mouth like all people. His palate got back the taste sense. A wonder, wonder of wonders – a rare surprise in this life happened against all odds! That excruciating pain he suffered every moment, every day suddenly vanished with the benediction of Paramacharya. 

Upon hearing his progress I met Paramacharya and said, “Swami’s power is the mother of all powers. It is solely due to your grace the Seth got (another) a rebirth. This is purely due to your blessing. You’ve saved him. You are the God.” Thus saying I started getting teary eyed.

But then when I heard Paramacharya’s (the great sakti) words I realized I was witnessing none other than the Eswara. “Our own (country’s) dharmic texts’ power saved him. Isn’t it?”

Neither anyone nor I heard the Swami ascertaining his instrumentality in this benevolent episode. After hearing this miraculous (healing) account many foreigners made a beeline to see the Swami. (From “Paramacharyar” book by Mukkur Srinivasa Varadacharyar Swamigal, Ashtalakshmi Temple, Chennai.)

[Note: It seems the original for this narrative is in a Tamil book. I did the English translation here from an account in Telugu, which I got from a relative. I think these accounts of Sri Paramacharya teach us a lot about Hindu faith, Sanatana Dharma, and the precious value of our canonical texts.] Copyright 2021 by the author